Most people don’t know the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis. These two terms may be commonly used in a dentist’s office, but unlikely anywhere else. Of course, that doesn’t help when you notice your gums bleeding while you brush your teeth. These stages of gum disease are different, but if you don’t catch one early, you’ll soon deal with the effects of the other. Learn the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis so your oral health stays on track.
What is Gingivitis?
Gingivitis is the mildest form of gum disease with symptoms that, if caught early, can be reversed. Sensitive, bleeding gums are common, but you can manage and even stop them before they become more serious. Other symptoms you might experience include dark, red, and tender gums, and bad breath.
Studies show that 3 out of 4 adults have experienced gingivitis at some point in their life, but if left untreated, it can worsen, resulting in periodontitis.
If you’re worried because you’ve noticed a tinge of blood on your toothbrush, you can step up your oral hygiene routine by brushing gently and angling your brush toward your gums. This removes plaque around the gumline. Inflammation is likely, but it will improve after a few days with diligent care.
Regular dental cleanings are also important, as dentists have the instruments and imaging devices to monitor and check for signs of gum disease at any stage.
What is Periodontitis?
Periodontitis occurs in stages but is a more advanced form of gum disease. This happens when the bacterial infection targets the gum tissue and bone, putting your teeth at risk of falling out.
If you ignore symptoms of gingivitis, other symptoms will occur, such as:
- Advanced gum recession
- Sensitive teeth
- Painful chewing
- Loose teeth
- Bone loss
- Persistent bad breath
- Changes in your bite or how your dental appliances fit (dentures)
Since symptoms can’t be reversed at this stage, only your dentist can provide professional treatment. This may look like scaling and root planing or antibiotic therapy. In many cases, they’ll use both to confidently eliminate all signs of bacteria.
Regular maintenance may be required depending on your dentist’s recommendation, but if so, expect to visit their office more frequently than twice a year.
What Are the Risk Factors of Gingivitis and Periodontitis?
The most common cause is plaque buildup, which usually occurs when you neglect your oral health, but other reasons may be the cause, such as:
- Certain medications (anticoagulants, hormonal contraceptives)
- Hormonal changes during pregnancy, menopause, or puberty
- Certain health conditions (HIV, diabetes)
- Genetics
- Smoking
- Eating excessive amounts of sugary and starchy foods
Now that you know more about the differences between gingivitis and periodontitis, you can watch for any signs that need attention. Your dentist is also available to help if you have questions, so don’t hesitate to ask if you’re unsure.
About the Practice
The dentists at EMA Dental of Westfield have more than 125 years of combined experience, which means you’ll benefit from their attention to detail. Offering award-winning dentistry, our team can help you combat gum disease so that your smile continues to thrive in the years ahead. Need help with your bleeding gums? Contact us by calling (413) 568–1698 to schedule an appointment.